Why this matters
Screen readers cannot interpret images, icons, or charts without text alternatives. Users who are blind, have low vision, or have cognitive disabilities rely on alt text to understand visual content. Without it, critical information is invisible to them.
Common failures
These are the most frequent ways this criterion is violated in real-world websites:
- Images missing alt attributes entirely
- Decorative images not marked with empty alt or role='presentation'
- Icon buttons with no accessible label
- Complex charts or infographics without text summaries
- Image links with no discernible text
- SVGs without title or accessible name
How to fix
- Add descriptive alt text to all informational images: <img src='chart.png' alt='Revenue grew 40% in Q3'>
- Use empty alt for decorative images: <img src='divider.svg' alt=''>
- Add aria-label to icon buttons: <button aria-label='Close menu'>
- Provide text summaries for complex visuals using figcaption or adjacent text
- Ensure SVGs have <title> elements or aria-label attributes
Related axe-core rules
xsbl uses axe-core to automatically detect violations of this criterion. The following rules are checked:
Check your site for 1.1.1 violations
xsbl scans your rendered pages in a real browser and finds violations of this criterion automatically.
Scan your site freeOfficial reference: Understanding WCAG 1.1.1: Non-text Content (W3C)